What is Biochemistry - Molecular Biology - Genetic Science

BİOCHEMİSTRY

Biochemistry, plant, animal and micro-organisms in the form ofchemical substances contained in the structure of all living thingsand creatures that continue throughout the life of a branch of science that studies chemical processes.

Molecular biology, biochemistry and genetic sciences diagramshowing the relationship between

The purpose of Biochemistry, first of all, the basic components ofthe cell's protein, carbohydrates, lipids, and vital organic compounds, such as chemical reactions, which play the biggest role of nucleic acids, vitamins and hormones to make the structural andquantitative analysis. Composition of proteins in living organisms,nutrients, energy conversion, transmission of hereditarycharacteristics, such as the chemical mechanisms of life processesto investigate the biochemistry into the area of ​​interest.
Each is dealing with life science and chemistry faculties (medicine, pharmacy, biology, agriculture, veterinary medicine, etc..) Is thechair of biochemistry. Sciences related to human health are examined in two areas:

1.       basic Biochemistry

2.       clinical Biochemistry

BIOCHEMISTRY

The biochemical basis for the structure of living things and life processes of chemical substances is a branch of science that studies. Research conducted by biochemists, creatures, just water, stone, soil materials showed that the same as the non-living beings. This is based on the carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen element. So, plants, animals and people "live", this particular chemical reactions that occur in cells is the result.Indeed, digestion, muscle contraction and relaxation, from a seed the development of new genetic features of the plant until it reaches the transfer of new life forms for all life processes are based on biochemical reactions. Combination with each other or interact with elements in the structure of the creature that is valid for all chemical reactions take place within the framework of the basic laws. But, the biochemical reactions within the living cell non-living environment is very different from chemical reactions. This difference is caused by the presence of biochemical substances called enzymes, first of all. Enzymes are natural catalysts that speed up reactions. Many reactions take place under normal conditions seems impossible, thanks to enzymes that occur in the cell alive. For all the biochemical processes controlled by enzymes, very small and simple structure of a plant or even hundreds of animals have the enzyme

Structure of the complex biochemical reactions in the animal's size grows increasingly diverse, and each one finds thousands of enzymes that are specific to a reaction. As mentioned above, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen elements are not only unique to living things. But the combination of these elements in large and complex molecules, not only in the structure of living things consist of organic compounds. The basic components of the cell's biochemical substances that live four basic groups: proteins, carbohydrates, fats (lipids) and nucleic 
acids. Some of the proteins of muscle, bone, teeth, hair, hair, such as the building blocks of body tissues, they are called structural proteins. Enzymes are all proteins, but their biochemical reactions, the task is considered for the functional proteins. Organism's primary energy source of carbohydrates and fats. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), nucleic acids, such as directing the synthesis of proteins regulating the activities of all cells, when the cell through which protein enzymes that the merger should also be transmitted by genes inherited from generation to generation is very important substances that carry information. 

Each cell of a living thing, especially proteins, carbohydrates, lipidsand nucleic acids in the hundreds, even thousands, there arechemical substances. These substances interact with each other,the components separated or combined to create larger moleculesis constantly changing. Breakdown of carbohydrates and fats fromfood to provide energy to the body, the complex moleculesnecessary for life (especially proteins) up to construction, thechemical changes that occur in cell metabolism are calledcollectively to all. One of the main tasks of biochemistry where thedeterioration of the metabolic processes and to investigate how it works. Takes advantage of both methods to achieve this goal,chemistry and physiology, as well as the findings of medicine,genetics, veterinary medicine, agriculture, and contributes to variousfields of science.

BIOCHEMISTRY PRACTICE AREAS

Based on the work of the foundation of biochemistry in the laboratory. For this reason, biochemists, laboratory techniques anddevices benefit from much improved. For example, to detectchemicals in the tissues can separate all the special devices such as spectrometers and chromatography basic tools of biochemistry.Thus, hormones or tissues in the body of toxic substances kept, a small amount of undetectable even if no other method can be determined with these devices. Live cells of the consistency ofjelly-specific solutions or specific media environments, "planted", based on the biochemistry of tissue culture is one of the mostimportant techniques. The cell composition, proliferation, andbehavioral characteristics, enzyme deficiencies, chromosomaldisorders, cancer formation, drugs or microbes can be understoodin this way show the immune responses. Based on the production of disease-causing bacteria and viruses, bacteria and viruscultures in specific media that the germs from the understanding ofmany communicable diseases, treatment and help find ways tohave been immune.

Biochemistry laboratories in hospitals, forensic institutions, large agricultural enterprises, quarantine stations, bio-chemists in the major tasks is reduced. Especially from patients blood, urine, feces, and cerebrospinal fluid samples, such as biochemical methods, provides valuable pointers to the examination in the diagnosis of diseases. Products in the fields or grape vineyards etkenini detect this disease is an infectious disease arise, criminology where some traces of the crime was committed, for example, examining hair and biochemical methods to apply again to determine the identity of the killer. 
Investigating the effects of those drugs and new vaccines in the human body that helps pharmacology biochemistry plays an important role in many areas of daily life. Food additives, fertilizers used in agriculture and drinking water for the decontamination of chemical substances involved must be tested before the biochemical methods. 
To study the impact of radiation on living tissues, the biochemical techniques and devices are used again. Thus, in nuclear power plants to television screens a wide range of radiation that can endanger human health can be controlled is not implicated.